The report ‘Emerging forms of participation: Online ethnography with activist collectives' was developed as part of the Study on Youth Political Participation in Portugal (2019-2021), funded by the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation. This report presents the results of the observation and analysis of forms of youth activism based on the actions of collectives in which unconventional and expressive (artistic/performative) forms of participation are particularly present, organized around specific causes. The methodological design of the research involved intensive digital ethnography and in-depth interviews.